German is one of the 24 official languages of the European Union.German is used as a regional language in Italy, Hungary, Slovakia, Romania, Denmark, France, and Namibia.German is the official language, along with Italian, of the Vatican Swiss Guard.In Luxembourg, German shares official status with French and Luxembourgish.In Belgium, German is a statutory provincial language in German-speaking areas.In Switzerland, German shares co-official status with French, Italian, and Romansh.It is spoken by 7.5 million people in Austria. Standard German is the only official language in Liechtenstein and Austria.German is the official language of Germany (with Danish, Frisian, and Sorbian as minority languages) where it is spoken by 70 million people as a first language and by another 8 million people as a second language ( Ethnologue).It is partially comprehensible to readers of modern German. It developed at the end of the Middle Ages. It was spoken until the end of the Middle Ages. It is incomprehensible to readers of modern German.
Its grammar resembled that of Latin or Slavic languages in its complexity. It was spoken until the 10th-11th centuries. German has undergone a number of changes throughout history. Since the consonant shift did not occur are the North German Lowlands, their language is called Low German as distinct from High German spoken in the areas where the sound change occurred. The other countries where German is spoken are all south of this line. The High German Consonant Shift divided Germany into a smaller Northern part (without the sound shift) and a larger central and Southern part (with the sound shift). Its effect can be seen by comparing modern German words with their English counterparts, e.g., pound-Pfund, apple-Apfel, cat-Katze, heart-Herz, make-machen. German diverged from other Germanic languages by a sound change called the High German Consonant Shift, also known as the Second German Consonant Shift, that occurred in the 3rd-5th centuries and was probably completed by the 9th century AD. It is one of the world’s major languages spoken by an estimated 95 million native and 28 million second-language speakers in some 40 countries around the world ( Ethnologue). German (Deutsch) belongs to the Western group of the Germanic branch of the Indo-European language family.
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